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How does a Horizontal Pod Autoscaler know when to scale?

Junior Kubernetes
Quick Answer HPA watches metrics (CPU usage, memory, custom metrics from Prometheus) and compares them to target values you define. If CPU usage exceeds 70% target across Pods, it increases replica count. If it drops well below, it scales down. It queries the metrics-server (or custom metrics adapter) and adjusts replicas automatically.

Answer

HPA monitors CPU, memory, or custom metrics and adjusts replicas.
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