Quick Answer
HPA watches metrics (CPU usage, memory, custom metrics from Prometheus) and compares them to target values you define. If CPU usage exceeds 70% target across Pods, it increases replica count. If it drops well below, it scales down. It queries the metrics-server (or custom metrics adapter) and adjusts replicas automatically.
Answer
HPA monitors CPU, memory, or custom metrics and adjusts replicas.
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Verified Answer
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