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What causes collisions in hash-based collections, and how are they handled?

Expert C#
Quick Answer Collisions happen when two different keys produce the same hash bucket. .NET's Dictionary handles this with chaining รขโ‚ฌโ€ multiple entries in the same bucket form a linked list. Too many collisions slow lookups from O(1) to O(n). Implement GetHashCode() to spread values evenly across buckets.

Answer

Collisions occur when two keys map to the same bucket. They are handled via chaining or probing.

Good hash code implementation minimizes collisions.

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This answer has been peer-reviewed by industry experts holding senior engineering roles to ensure technical accuracy and relevance for modern interview standards.

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