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How do you design MongoDB schema for high write throughput systems?

Senior MongoDB
Quick Answer High write throughput schema design: keep documents small (faster to write, more fit in cache), minimize index count (each write updates all indexes), use bulk writes, avoid transactions, use a good shard key to distribute writes. Consider the bucket pattern for time-series (batch multiple measurements into one document to reduce write count). Pre-aggregate counters with $inc instead of inserting individual events.

Answer

Use small documents, minimize indexes, design evenly distributed shard keys, and use bucketing patterns to reduce write amplification.
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