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Why is data fetching in useEffect considered an anti-pattern in React 18+?

Junior React
Quick Answer useEffect data fetching creates a client-side waterfall: render รขโ€ โ€™ useEffect fires รขโ€ โ€™ fetch รขโ€ โ€™ re-render. In React 18+, the preferred pattern is fetching in Server Components (zero client cost), using data-fetching libraries like SWR or React Query, or using the new use hook. useEffect for fetching is also problematic in Strict Mode's double-fire behavior.

Answer

Fetching in useEffect runs after rendering, causing UI flicker. Modern React encourages server components or framework-level data loading.
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