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How does rate limiting work?

Junior Microservices
Quick Answer Rate limiting caps how many requests a client can make in a time window. Common algorithms: token bucket (refills tokens at a fixed rate, burst allowed), sliding window (smooth counting over a rolling period), leaky bucket (queues requests and releases at a fixed rate). Implemented at the API gateway or per service. Returns 429 Too Many Requests when exceeded.

Answer

Rate limiting controls how many requests can be handled over a time period. It protects services from overload and DoS attacks and is usually implemented at the API Gateway using tokens or sliding windows.

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This answer has been peer-reviewed by industry experts holding senior engineering roles to ensure technical accuracy and relevance for modern interview standards.

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Source: SugharaIQ

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