Answer
Use read replicas, query batching, write-behind caching, persistent connections, and prepared statements. Eliminate N+1 queries with eager loading and caching.
Quick Answer
SQL optimization in PHP: use indexes on columns in WHERE and JOIN conditions. Use EXPLAIN to analyze slow queries. Select only needed columns, not SELECT-star. Use prepared statements for parameterization. Paginate with LIMIT and OFFSET or keyset pagination. Cache query results in Redis. Use read replicas for heavy reads. Use an ORM but watch for N+1 queries - use eager loading instead.
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SugharaIQ Editorial Team
Verified Answer
This answer has been peer-reviewed by industry experts holding senior engineering roles to ensure technical accuracy and relevance for modern interview standards.
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Source: SugharaIQ