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How do you scale PHP applications horizontally?

Senior PHP
Quick Answer Horizontal scaling: run multiple PHP-FPM servers behind a load balancer. Use shared session storage (Redis). Store files on shared filesystem (S3, NFS) not local disk. Use centralized caching (Redis/Memcached). Use a CDN for static assets. Database connections use connection pooling or read replicas. Stateless design is essential - no server-local state between requests.

Answer

Use load balancers, stateless design, shared cache layers, distributed sessions, and PHP-FPM behind Nginx or Apache.
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