Quick Answer
Key strategies: stateless PHP-FPM workers behind a load balancer, Redis for sessions and caching, database read replicas for SELECT queries, CDN for static assets, async job queues for background work, horizontal auto-scaling in Kubernetes, database connection pooling with PgBouncer, denormalized read models for hot data, and proper HTTP caching headers to reduce origin load.
Answer
Use stateless architecture, distributed cache, Redis-based shared sessions, CDN, optimized PHP-FPM pools, async queues, and load balancing with Nginx. Combine read replicas, DB sharding, and Opcache preloading to eliminate CPU and I/O bottlenecks.
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Verified Answer
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