Answer
SQL Server caches execution plans for reuse.
Parameter sniffing occurs when a cached plan works well for one parameter but poorly for another due to data skew.
Quick Answer
Parameter sniffing is when SQL Server compiles a stored procedure plan based on the first parameter values it sees. If those values are atypical (e.g., a rare ID vs. a common status), the cached plan is optimal for that one call but terrible for everyone else. Leads to inconsistent query performance.
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SugharaIQ Editorial Team
Verified Answer
This answer has been peer-reviewed by industry experts holding senior engineering roles to ensure technical accuracy and relevance for modern interview standards.
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Source: SugharaIQ