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How do you normalize or standardize data?

Mid Python
Quick Answer Normalization scales to [0,1]: (x - min)/(max - min) with MinMaxScaler. Standardization scales to mean=0, std=1: (x - mean)/std with StandardScaler. Use standardization for algorithms that assume normal distribution (linear regression, SVM, neural nets). Normalization for bounded ranges. Always fit scaler on training data only, then transform test data to prevent data leakage.

Answer

Normalization scales values to 0–1.
Standardization gives mean 0 and std 1.
Ensures equal feature contribution.
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