Answer
ESM enables import/export syntax, better static analysis, and improved compatibility with modern JavaScript modules.
Quick Answer
Node.js supports ES Modules (ESM) natively since v12+. Use .mjs extension or add "type": "module" to package.json to use import/export syntax. ESM is statically analyzable (enables tree-shaking), asynchronous by design, and the standard going forward. The main friction: mixing ESM and CommonJS packages still requires care.
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SugharaIQ Editorial Team
Verified Answer
This answer has been peer-reviewed by industry experts holding senior engineering roles to ensure technical accuracy and relevance for modern interview standards.
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Source: SugharaIQ