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What are synchronized methods and blocks?

Junior Java
Quick Answer synchronized prevents concurrent access to a code block or method. Synchronized method: only one thread can execute it on the same object at a time. Synchronized block: more fine-grained, lock on any object. Guarantees mutual exclusion and memory visibility (changes in synchronized block visible to all threads after they acquire same lock). Downside: performance overhead if contended.

Answer

Ensure exclusive access to shared resources.
Prevent race conditions.
Synchronized block gives finer locking control.
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