Quick Answer
Multithreading allows concurrent execution of multiple threads within one process. Threads share the same memory (heap), unlike processes. Benefits: better CPU utilization, responsive UIs, parallel processing. Challenges: race conditions, deadlocks, visibility issues. Java provides built-in threading support: Thread class, Runnable interface, synchronized keyword, and java.util.concurrent package.
Answer
Thread is independent execution path. Runnable defines thread task. Lifecycle: New ? Runnable ? Running ? Waiting/Blocked ? Terminated.
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Verified Answer
This answer has been peer-reviewed by industry experts holding senior engineering roles to ensure technical accuracy and relevance for modern interview standards.
