Answer
When too many row/page locks exist, SQL upgrades to a table lock. This reduces overhead but lowers concurrency.
Quick Answer
Lock escalation converts many fine-grained locks (row, page) into one coarse table-level lock when the lock count crosses a threshold (default ~5,000). It reduces lock manager overhead but blocks all concurrent readers and writers on that table. Can cause unexpected blocking in high-concurrency workloads.
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SugharaIQ Editorial Team
Verified Answer
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Source: SugharaIQ